Abū’l-‘Abbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nairīzī (Arabic: أبو العباس الفضل بن
حاتم النيريزي, Latin: Anaritius, Nazirius, 865–922) was a Persian mathematician
and astronomer from Nayriz, Fars Province, Iran.
He flourished
under al-Mu'tadid, Caliph from 892 to 902, and compiled astronomical
tables, writing a book for al-Mu'tadid on atmospheric phenomena.
Nayrizi wrote
commentaries on Ptolemy and Euclid. The latter were translated
by Gerard of Cremona. Nairizi used the so-called umbra (versa), the
equivalent to the tangent, as a genuine trigonometric line (but he was
anticipated in this by al-Marwazi).
He wrote a treatise on
the spherical astrolabe, which is very elaborate and seems to be the best
Persian work on the subject. It is divided into four books:
1. Historical and critical introduction.
2. Description of the spherical astrolabe; its superiority over
plane astrolabes and all other astronomical instruments.
3. Applications.
4. Applications.
He gave a proof of
the Pythagorean theorem using the Pythagorean tiling.
Ibn
al-Nadim mentions Nayrizi as a distinguished astronomer with eight works
by him listed in his book al-Fihrist.
Sumber
Labels:
Mathematician
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